In theory, air or gas may be compressed isentropically (at constant entropy) or isothermally (at constant temperature). Either process may be part of a theoretically reversible cycle. If the compressed gas could be used immediately at its final temperature after compression, the isentropic compression process would have certain advantages.
In reality, the air or gas is rarely used directly after compression, and is usually
In theory, air or gas may be compressed isentropically (at constant entropy) or isothermally (at constant temperature). Either process may be part of a theoretically reversible cycle. If the compressed gas could be used immediately at its final temperature after compression, the isentropic compression process would have certain advantages.
In reality, the air or gas is rarely used directly after compression, and is usually
In theory, air or gas may be compressed isentropically (at constant entropy) or isothermally (at constant temperature). Either process may be part of a theoretically reversible cycle. If the compressed gas could be used immediately at its final temperature after compression, the isentropic compression process would have certain advantages.
In reality, the air or gas is rarely used directly after compression, and is usually cooled to ambient temperature before use. Consequently, the isothermal compression process is preferred, as it requires less work. A common, practical approach to executing this isothermal compression process involves cooling the gas during compression. At an effective working pressure of 7 bar, isentropic compression theoretically requires 37% higher energy than isothermal compression.
A practical method to reduce the heating of gas is to divide the compression into several stages. The gas is cooled after each stage before being compressed further to the final pressure. This also increases the energy efficiency, with the best result being obtained when each compression stage has the same pressure ratio. By increasing the number of compression stages, the entire process approaches isothermal compression. However, there is an economic limit for the number of stages the design of a real installation can use.